الخلاصة:
The beginnings of non-destructive testing (NDT) began at the end of the nineteenth century, with modern physics, but it was from the Second World War onwards that NDT techniques took off in industry, particularly in metallurgy [1]. In the 1960s and 1970s, the development of nuclear power plants and aeronautics led to a sharp acceleration in NDT progress, and different methods were developed to meet the constraints due to the nature of the defect sought, the part to be inspected (riveted, welded, rolled, complex-shaped,) and the conditions under which the inspection had to be carried out.
The challenges of NDT for the protection of industrial facilities have become an unavoidable imperative, encompassing the protection of tools and means of production, people and respect for the environment. Its objective is to highlight all defects likely to alter the availability, safety of use and/or, more generally, the conformity of a product to the use for which it is intended [2]. This is why the use of NDT appears to be a major element in product quality control and risk management, thus ensuring the safety of people and property.
